EUROPEAN COURT JUDGMENTS AND RULINGS
The European Environmental Law Database
The European Environmental Law Database contains most cases decided by the European
Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance related to issues of European Environmental Law.
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Case-Law of the ECJ and
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CASES
Case 302/86, Commission v. Denmark
(Danish Bottles Case)
ECJ 20 September 1988, ECR [1988] 4607
Case C-300/89, Commission v. Council
(Titandioxid)
ECJ 11 June 1991, ECR [1991] I-2867
Case C-2/90, Commission v. Belgium
(Walloon Waste Case)
ECJ 9 July 1992, ECR [1992] I-4431
Waste is a good, but of a special nature; thus, if secondary EC
legislation does not provide otherwise, it is to stay as close to its source as possible
and the Walloon region can uphold its general import ban for non-hazardous waste under the
'rule of reason'. As there did exist a specific regime for hazardous waste which only
allowed for import restrictions in specific cases, no general import ban is allowed as far
as hazardous waste is concerned.
Joined Cases C-6/90 and C-9/90, Andrea
Francovich, Danila Bonifaci and Others v Italy
ECJ 19 November 1991, ECR [1991] I-5357
Liability of Member States for breaches of Community Law, non
implementation of a directive
Case C-208/90, Theresa Emmott v Minister
for Social Welfare and Attorney General
ECJ 25 July 1991, ECR [1991] I-4269
Case C-355/90, Commission v Spain (Marismas de Santoña)
ECJ 2 August 1993, [1993] ECR I-4221
Case C-45/91, Commission v Greece
(Chania Waste)
ECJ 7 April 1992, [1992] ECR I-2509
Case C-155/91, Commission v.
Council (Legal basis waste directive)
ECJ 17 March 1993, ECR [1993] I-939
Case C-271/91, M.H. Marshall v Southampton and South West Hampshire Area Health Authority
ECJ 2 August 1993, ECR [1993] I-4367; [1993] 3 C.M.L.R. 293
Case C-91/92, Paola Faccini Dori v
Recreb Srl.
ECJ 14 July 1994, ECR [1994] I-3325
Case C-334/92, Teodoro Wagner Miret
v Fondo de Garantía Salarial, ECJ 16 December 1993, ECR [1993] I-6911
Case C-379/92, Peralta
ECJ 14 July 1994, ECR [1994] I-3453
Case C-422/92, Commission v Germany
(German Waste Export) - including the opinion of Advocate General
ECJ 10 May 1995, ECR [1995] I-1097
Joined cases C-46/93 and C-48/93, Brasserie
du Pêcheur SA and Factortame Ltd and others
ECJ 5 March 1996, ECR [1996] I-1029
Liability of Member States for breaches of Community Law
Case C-187/93, European Parliament v
Council
ECJ 28 June 1994, ECR [1994] I-2857
Case C-392/93, The Queen v. H.M.
Treasury ex parte: British Telecommunications plc.
ECJ 26 March 1996, ECR [1996] I-1631; [1996] 2 C.M.L.R. 217
Liability of Member States for breaches of Community Law
Case C-5/94, The Queen v Ministry of
Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, ex parte Hedley Lomas (Ireland)
ECJ 23 May 1996, ECR [1996] I-2553; [1996] 2 C.M.L.R. 391
In Joined Cases C-178/94, C-179/94,
C-188/94, C-189/94 and C-190/94, Erich Dillenkofer and others,
ECJ 8 October 1996, ECR [1996] I-4845
Liability of Member States for breaches of Community Law, Directive
90/314/EEC on package travel, package holidays and package tours
Case 194/94, CIA Security
ECJ 30 April 1996, ECR [1996] I-2201
The case which is causing quit a stir in The Netherlands at the moment...
Following the reasoning of the European Court of Justice where a Belgian
law which was not properly notified was concerned, Dutch judges might be forced to decline
to apply some 400 Dutch technical regulations which have not been notified in accordance
with the directive 83/189.
Case C-202/94, Godefridus van der
Feesten
ECJ 8 February 1996, ECR [1996] I-355
Joined Cases C-283/94, C-291/94 and
C-292/94, Denkavit Internationaal BV (C-283/94), VITIC Amsterdam BV
(C-291/94) and Voormeer BV (C-292/94)
ECJ 17 October 1996, ECR [1996] I-5063
Case C-44/95, Regina v Secretary
of State for the Environment, ex parte: Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
ECJ 11 July 1996, ECR [1996] I-3805
Directive 79/409/EEC on the conservation of wild birds does not allow for
economic reasons standing in the way of determining protection areas. Once the site has
been established, Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation of the natural habitats of wild
fauna and flora does allow for actions affecting the site on grounds of a social or
economic nature.
Joined cases C-58/95, C-75/95 a.o., Gallotti
a.o.
ECJ 12 September 1996, ECR [1996] I-4345
Case C-168/95, Luciano Arcaro
ECJ 26 September 1996, ECR [1996] 4705
Case C-72/95, Aannemersbedrijf P.K.
Kraaijeveld BV e.a. v Gedeputeerde Staten van Zuid-Holland (Dutch dikes)
ECJ 24 October 1996, ECR [1996] I-5403
Case C-13/96, Bic Benelux v Belgium
ECJ 20 March 1997 & Opinion of AG
Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer of 28 November 1996, nyr
An obligation to affix specific markings to products which are subject to
an environmental tax forms a technical regulation within the meaning of Directive
83/189/EEC. As Belgium, in spite of the advice of the Legislative Division of the Conseil
d'État, did not notify the measure to the Commission, the measure cannot be relied upon
against individuals.
Joined Cases C-304/94, C-330/94,
C-342/94 and C-224/95, Euro Tombesi and Adino Tombesi (C-304/94), Roberto Santella
(C-330/94), Giovanni Muzi and Others (C-342/94), Anselmo Savini (C-224/95),
ECJ 25 June 1997, n.y.r.
Case C-279/94, Commission v Italy
ECJ 16 September 1997, n.y.r.
Italy did not notify its rules on asbestos, so these rules cannot be
applied immediately. However, the Court underlines that even if all the provisions contained in the law in question are notified to the Commission,
this does not prevent the Italian Republic from bringing into force immediately, and
therefore without waiting for the results of the examination procedure provided for by the
Directive 83/189, the provisions which do not constitute technical regulations.
Case C-321/95 P, Greenpeace v
Commission and Opinion of AG Cosmas
ECJ 2 April 1998, nyr
This is the appeal against the decision by the CFI in the case Case T-585/93, Greenpeace v Commission
where the environmental organisation was not granted locus standi. As far as the AG is
concerned, the ECJ is also not to give Greenpeace access to this Court. The in depth
argumentation by the AG makes for interesting reading material. The ECJ comes to the same
conclusion as the AG, without really touching upon most of the arguments brought forward
by the environmental organisation (for instance the legal vacuuum where decisions made by
the Commission are concerned).
Case C-3/96, Commission v Netherlands
ECJ 19 May 1998, n.y.r.
According to the Commission, The Netherlands should have classified more
sites as Special Protection Areas (SPAs). In addition, the part of the Waddensea which was
designated as a Special Protection Area is too small. The ECJ underlines that EC law
requires Member States to classify territories which are most suitable for the
conservation of certain species as SPAs. It also makes clear, that economic criteria may
not be taken into account when selecting and defining the boundaries of SPAs, as the Court
had already explained in an earlier judgment (Case C-44/95, Regina v Secretary of
State for the Environment, ex parte: Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
). The Netherlands thus infringed its obligations. It will be interesting to see whether
this case will influence the outcome of the cases before the Dutch court on drilling for
gas in the Northsea area not designated as SPA...
Case C-67/97, Anklagemyndighed
v. Ditlev (Danish Bees)
ECJ 3 December 1998, n.y.r.
Case C-150/97, Commission
v. Portuguese Republic
ECJ 21 January 1999, n.y.r.
Case C-207/97 Commission v.
Kingdom of Belgium
ECJ 21 January 1999, n.y.r.
Case C-347/97 Commission v.
Kingdom of Belgium
ECJ 21 January 1999, n.y.r.
Joined Cases C-164/97 and
C-165/97 European Parliament v Council
ECJ 25 February 1999, n.y.r.
Case C-100/96 The Queen v.
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Ex parte: British Agrochemicals Association
Ltd
ECJ 11 March 1999, n.y.r.
Case C-340/96 Commission v.
United Kingdom
ECJ 22 April 1999, n.y.r.
Case C-392/96 Commission v.
Ireland
ECJ 21 September 1999, n.y.r.
Case C-166/97 Commission v.
French Republic
ECJ 18 March 1999, n.y.r.
Case C-293/97 The Queen v.
Secretary of State for the Environment, Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Ex
parte: H.A. Standley and others, D.G.D. Metson and others, Intervener: National Farmers'
Union
ECJ 29 April 1999, n.y.r.
Case C-217/97 Commission v.
Federal Repblic of Germany
ECJ 9 September 1999, n.y.r.
Case C-108/98 RI.SAN Srl v.
Municipality of Ischia, GEPI SpA, now called Italia Investimenti SpA (Italinvest SpA)
ECJ 9 September 1999, n.y.r.
Case C-319/97 Aklagaren v.
Antoine Kortas
ECJ 1 June 1999, n.y.r.
The ECJ is of the opinion, that national standards that
are stricter than those laid down in a Directive based on Article 100A can only be
enforced after the Commission reacted on a 100A para 4 request. Even if the Commission
does not respond within a reasonable period of time, the Member States still are not
allowed to apply their national, stricter standards. Fortunately, the new EC version of
art. 100A - art. 95 in the Amsterdam numbering that applies since 1 May 1999 - sets a time
limit for the Commission to react. If the Commission stays silent, the Member States are
allowed to apply their stricter national rules.
Case C-435/97 World Wildlife
Fund (WWF) and others v. Autonome Provinz Bozen and others
ECJ 16 September 1999, n.y.r.
Case T-585/93, Greenpeace v Commission
CFI 9 August 1995, ECR [1996] II-2205
Appel decided upon on 2 April 1998 (see above).
Case T-411/94, Associazione
agricoltori della provincia di Rovigo e.a. v Commission (Inadmissibility)
CFI [1995] II-455
Access to justice is denied by the Court of First Instance; meanwhile,
the appeal in this case has been decided upon, with the same result (Case C-142/95 P, ECJ
12 December 1996, nyr).
Case T-219/95 R, French Nuclear
Tests
President CFI 22 December 1995, ECR [1995] II-3051
Case T-228/95 R, Leghold Traps
President CFI 12 February 1996, ECR [1996] II-111
Case T-105/95, WWF UK v Commission
CFI 5 March 1997, nyr
The Commission has the obligation to undertake a genuine balancing of the
interests involved as required by the Code of Conduct on access to Commission documents.
Decision 94/90 on
public access to Commission Documents
Decision
1999/5, Swedish sweeteners
The first Commission decision ex Art.
100A para 4 EC Treaty which does not allow a country, Sweden in this case, to upkeep its
national laws that are stricter than the EC Directives.
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